Understanding the variables that contribute to asthma development in childhood is critical for creating primary or secondary preventive measures. This article will cover current information on the development of allergy sensitization in childhood in connection to microorganisms and the gut and airway microbiome. Wheezing diseases, particularly viral infections, continue to be a substantial risk factor for the onset of asthma; nevertheless, bacterial pathogens have lately emerged as an important contributor to asthma risk, either alone or in combination with viral infections. The combined effect and interaction of early childhood viral wheezing and aeroallergen sensitization is significant, with allergic sensitization occurring prior to the start of viral wheezing. Finally, the study examines current longitudinal data on the development of irreversible airway obstruction and its influence on the natural history of asthma.
Asthma development is still complicated and poorly understood. There is a symbiotic relationship between genetic predisposition and environmental exposures such as allergies and microorganisms. Interventions targeting these risk factors throughout the preschool years may help to avoid the long-term development of asthma to permanent airway blockage.
