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The following is a summary of “Comparative effectiveness of dupilumab and omalizumab on asthma exacerbations and systemic corticosteroid prescriptions: Real-world US ADVANTAGE study,” published in the August 2024 issue of Allergy and Immunology by Bleecker et al.
Dupilumab is approved for moderate-to-severe eosinophilic asthma, and omalizumab for allergic asthma. Comparative effectiveness data for these biologics is limited.
Researchers conducted a retrospective study to assess the real-world effectiveness of dupilumab and omalizumab for patients with asthma in the U.S.
They used TriNetX Dataworks electronic medical record data to identify patients aged 12 and older with asthma who initiated dupilumab or omalizumab between November 2018 and September 2020, with at least 12 months of clinical information before and after treatment. Inverse probability of treatment weighing balanced potential confounders. Asthma exacerbation rates and systemic corticosteroid (SCS) prescriptions were compared using a doubly robust negative binomial regression model, adjusting for baseline exacerbation/SCS rates and patient characteristics with ≥10% standardized differences after the inverse probability of treatment weighting.
The results showed that 2,138 patients received dupilumab and 1,313 received omalizumab, with most baseline characteristics balanced (standard difference <10%) after weighting. Dupilumab was linked to a 44% lower asthma exacerbation rate (P<.0001) and significantly reduced SCS prescriptions by 28% (P<.05) compared to omalizumab during the follow-up period.
Investigators concluded that patients prescribed dupilumab experienced a significant reduction in severe asthma exacerbations and SCS prescriptions compared to those on omalizumab over 12 months of follow-up.
Source: jacionline.org/article/S0091-6749(24)00865-0/fulltext
