Quality indicators play an important role in healthcare quality and patient safety. The aim of this study is to identify specific clinical pharmacy interventions to improve adherence to quality indicators and minimize risks among patients with epilepsy.
A prospective, two-phase, observational study was conducted in a neurology outpatient clinic of a tertiary university hospital. In the first phase of the study, the rate of adherence to the quality indicators was evaluated with a checklist containing the quality indicators. In the second phase of the study, an expert panel meeting was convened to identify clinical pharmacist interventions to reduce the risks associated with non-adherence. The Fine-Kinney method was used to prioritize risks, and adherence rates with each quality improvement indicator (QI) were calculated.
The study found that adherence rates were highest for QIs involving estimating the number and type of seizures, providing medical treatment or referring patients with evidence of mood disorders to mental healthcare, and co-managing prenatal care for women with epilepsy. The most non-adherence rates were found in QIs involving quality-of-life assessment, daily folate supplementation, and addressing the decreased effectiveness of oral contraception. The annual review of information about educational issues was also poorly provided. An expert panel decided to integrate a clinical pharmacist into the outpatient clinic to improve medication adherence, side-effect assessment, drug interaction assessment, patient education, lifestyle-modification education, depression/suicide-related behavior screening, quality-of-life assessment, and effectiveness evaluation of oral contraceptives for female patients using enzyme-inducing ASM.
The study shows that medication adherence, assessment of side effects, drug interactions, and patient education are inadequately provided by neurologists in patients with epilepsy. Clinical pharmacists have a crucial role in reducing potential risks of non-adherence with quality indicators. By integrating clinical pharmacy services into routine epilepsy care processes, the quality of care can be improved. Future studies should focus on implementing these interventions and evaluating their impact on patient outcomes.

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