The following is a summary of “Epigenetic Mechanisms Modulated by Glucocorticoids With a Focus on Cushing Syndrome,” published in the June 2024 issue of Endocrinology by Paes, et al.
For a study, researchers sought to explore the impact of long-term exposure to glucocorticoids on epigenetic changes in Cushing syndrome (CS), elucidating the implications of glucocorticoid-target genes in the syndrome context and discussing the potential of epigenetic drugs as adjunctive therapy.
They conducted a comprehensive review of the existing literature on epigenetic changes induced by prolonged glucocorticoid exposure. They analyzed key aspects of glucocorticoid-target genes and their relevance to CS. Additionally, they examined the effects of epigenetic drugs that modulate glucocorticoid effects.
Prolonged exposure to high cortisol levels in CS leads to extensive morbidity across multiple systems. While treatment can induce disease remission and clinical improvement, some complications persist due to long-lasting epigenetic changes induced by hypercortisolism. Glucocorticoids utilize the epigenetic machinery to modulate gene expression, potentially leading to aberrant microRNA expression, affecting various cellular processes, and contributing to cardiometabolic disorders.
The review highlighted the significant role of glucocorticoids in inducing epigenetic changes in CS and underscored the implications of glucocorticoid-target genes in the syndrome’s pathogenesis. Moreover, it discussed the potential of epigenetic drugs as adjunctive therapy in CS, offering insights into novel treatment approaches for this complex condition.
Reference: academic.oup.com/jcem/article/109/6/e1424/7633538