Dynamics of anti-influenza mucosal IgA over a season in a cohort of individuals living or working in a long-term care facility.

Feb 06, 2023

Experts: Matt D T Hitchings,Brooke A Borgert,Adam Shir,Bingyi Yang,Kyra H Grantz,Jacob Ball,Carlos A Moreno,Kenneth Rand,Parker A Small,Keith R Fowke,Derek A T Cummings

Serological surveys are used to ascertain influenza infection and immunity, but evidence for the utility of mucosal immunoglobulin A (IgA) as a correlate of infection or protection is limited.
We performed influenza-like illness (ILI) surveillance on 220 individuals living or working in a retirement community in Gainesville, Florida, USA from January to May, 2018, and took pre- and post-season nasal samples of 11 individuals with PCR-confirmed influenza infection and 60 randomly selected controls. Mucosal IgA against 10 strains of influenza was measured from nasal samples.
Overall, 28.2% and 11.3% of individuals experienced a 2-fold and 4-fold rise, respectively, in mucosal IgA to at least one influenza strain. Individuals with PCR-confirmed influenza A had significantly lower levels of pre-season IgA to influenza A. Influenza-associated respiratory illness was associated with a higher rise in mucosal IgA to influenza strains of the same subtype, and H3N2-associated respiratory illness was associated with a higher rise in mucosal IgA to other influenza A strains.
By comparing individuals with and without influenza illness, we demonstrated that mucosal IgA is a correlate of influenza infection. There was evidence for cross-reactivity in mucosal IgA across influenza A subtypes.

© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.

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ABOUT THE EXPERTS

Matt D T Hitchings,Brooke A Borgert,Adam Shir,Bingyi Yang,Kyra H Grantz,Jacob Ball,Carlos A Moreno,Kenneth Rand,Parker A Small,Keith R Fowke,Derek A T Cummings

Matt D T Hitchings

Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health & Health Professions, University of Florida; Gainesville, FL, USA.

Brooke A Borgert

Department of Biology, University of Florida; Gainesville, FL, USA.

Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida; Gainesville, FL, USA.

Adam Shir

Department of Biology, University of Florida; Gainesville, FL, USA.

Bingyi Yang

Department of Biology, University of Florida; Gainesville, FL, USA.

Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida; Gainesville, FL, USA.

Kyra H Grantz

Department of Biology, University of Florida; Gainesville, FL, USA.

Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida; Gainesville, FL, USA.

Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; Baltimore, MD, USA.

Jacob Ball

Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida; Gainesville, FL, USA.

Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health & Health Professions, University of Florida; Gainesville, FL, USA.

Carlos A Moreno

Department of Biology, University of Florida; Gainesville, FL, USA.

Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida; Gainesville, FL, USA.

Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; Baltimore, MD, USA.

Kenneth Rand

Department of Pathology, University of Florida; Gainesville, FL, USA.

Parker A Small

Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida; Gainesville, FL, USA.

Keith R Fowke

Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba; Winnipeg, MB, Canada.

Derek A T Cummings

Department of Biology, University of Florida; Gainesville, FL, USA.

Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida; Gainesville, FL, USA.