Allergic diseases are prototypic examples of gene and environmentally friendly associations. The latest evidence for genetic and epigenetic pathways in allergic illnesses is taken into consideration, and barriers and facilitators are identified for the application of both science and clinical practise tools. There are currently tests on the importance of whole genome sequencing study and the use of multiple risk score analysis in homogenous, well-known populations. In the pathogensis of allergic disorders, epigenetic processes, particularly by mediating the effects of environmental factors, are known to play an important role. The immune modulatory effect of testing through epigenetic modifications has been shown. Epigenetic pathways may be targeted directly or indirectly and can increase the expression of genes promoting diseases of allergies.
It is also promising to enhance understanding of the functioning of epigenetic modifications and the possibility to manipulate cell phénotypes for research and/or therapeutic purposes, especially using the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindrome Repeat (CRISPR)/Cas9 technology.
Further study is necessary into the function of genetic and epigenetic pathways in the endotype of allergic diseases. An international initiative is warranted to characterise the human epigenome in connection with allergic diseases.
Reference: https://journals.lww.com/co-allergy/Abstract/2020/06000/Genetics_and_epigenetics_of_allergy.3.aspx
