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The following is a summary of “Effect of Mepolizumab in airway’s remodelling in patients with late-onset severe asthma with an eosinophilic phenotype,” published in the November 2024 issue of Allergy and Immunology by Domvri et al.
Clinical trials show mepolizumab benefits severe asthma, but data on its effects on airway remodeling remain limited.
Researchers conducted a retrospective study to investigate the effect of mepolizumab on airway structural remodeling in patients with severe asthma.
They conducted a multicenter study across 8 Pulmonology Departments in Greece with 47 patients, of whom 41 participated in the bronchoscopy sub-study. The study focused on clinical outcomes in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma and impaired reversibility after mepolizumab treatment.
The results showed that after 12 months, mepolizumab significantly improved lung function, ACT scores, and reduced severe exacerbations (P<0.001). Among 34 of 41 participants (83%) with paired biopsies, there was a significant reduction in sub-basement membrane thickness, airway smooth muscle area, smooth muscle layer thickness, epithelial damage, and tissue eosinophils (all P<0.001). A positive correlation was found between ASMLT reduction and submucosal eosinophil reduction (r=0.599, P<0.001).
They concluded that 12 months of mepolizumab treatment in patients with late-onset severe asthma led to both clinical improvement and a reduction in airway tissue remodeling. This suggests a potential disease-modifying effect.
Source: jacionline.org/article/S0091-6749(24)01168-0/abstract
