To assess the incidence and determinants of tuberculosis among HIV positives in selected health facilities of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, January 2013 to December 2018.
We collected data from the registers of 566HIV positives. A retrospective cohort study design was employed. Data entered into EpiInfo™7 and analyzed using SPSS Version 20. Tuberculosis incidence density was determined per 100 person-years.Time-to-event distributions estimated using Kaplan-Meier estimates. Survival curves and hazards across different categories compared using log-rank tests. Determinants identified using Cox proportional hazard models. For the hazard ratio, 95%CI was computed. A P-value <0.05 in the multivariable analysis was considered statistically significant.
A total of 566 HIV positives were followed for 2140.08 person-years, giving tuberculosis incidence density rate of 6.82/100 person-years (146,25.8%). The highest incidence observed within the first year of follow-up. Independent determinants were large family size (AHR = 1.783,95%CI = 1.113-2.855), lower baseline CD4 (AHR = 2.568,95%CI = 1.602-4.116), and baseline body mass index<18.5 (AHR = 1.907,95%CI = 1.530-2.690). Enrolled in anti-retroviral treatment (AHR = 0.066,95%CI = 0.045-0.98) and taking isoniazid prophylaxis treatment (AHR = 0.202, 95%CI = 0.108-0.380) had a protective effect.
Tuberculosis is still a major cause of morbidity among HIV positive individuals. Early HIV diagnosis, enrollment on anti-retroviral treatment and isoniazid prophylaxis treatment should be considered to decrease tuberculosis risk.

Copyright © 2020. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Author