Transplant recipients, especially those who receive hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT), have an increased risk for vitiligo, according to a report published in JAMA Dermatology. Researchers conducted a population-based cohort study that included data for patients aged 20 or older who had received a transplant (solid organ transplant [SOT] or HSCT). Patients (n=23,829) were compared with age- and sex-matched (1:5) controls (n=119,145) who did not receive a transplant. The study team found that risk for vitiligo was significantly higher for patients who had undergone transplant than for controls (adjusted HR [aHR], 1.73). Kidney and liver transplant recipients also had a slightly higher risk for vitiligo compared with controls, but risk was highest in HSCT recipients (aHR, 12.69). Compared with controls, those who received allogeneic grafts, those who received autologous grafts, those with comorbid graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and those without GVHD had a higher risk for vitiligo. “The findings suggest that early detection and management of vitiligo lesions can be improved by estimating the likelihood of its development in transplant recipients and implementing a multidisciplinary approach for monitoring,” the study authors wrote.