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The following is a summary of “Impact of frailty on outcomes following coronary artery bypass grafting: a systematic review and meta-analysis,” published in the December 2024 issue of Surgery by Chen et al.
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the preferred treatment for complex multi-vessel coronary artery disease, but frailty may affect patient outcomes.
Researchers conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the impact of frailty on outcomes following CABG.
They searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Scopus for studies (March 31, 2024) with preoperative frailty assessments comparing frail and non-frail adult patients undergoing CABG. Primary outcomes were all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) within 1 year. Secondary outcomes included hospital readmission rates and length of stay (LOS); random-effects model accounted for heterogeneity.
The results showed data from 14 studies revealed a significant increase in 30-day mortality (OR 2.52; 95% CI: 2.07 to 3.07) and 1-year mortality (OR 2.58; 95% CI: 1.49 to 4.45) among patients’ frails. The risk of acute cardiac and cerebrovascular complications was similar across patients (OR 1.03; 95% CI: 0.89 to 1.19). However, frailty was associated with a higher risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) (OR 2.31; 95% CI: 1.26 to 4.23). Patients’ frailness also had more extended hospital stays and higher readmission rates.
They concluded that frailty significantly impacted mortality and morbidity in individuals undergoing CABG, suggesting the need for frailty assessments in preoperative evaluations.
Source: bmcsurg.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12893-024-02728-1
