Due to its high osmolarity, administering 3% sodium chloride through a peripheral venous catheter carries a risk of infusion-related adverse events (IRAE). Many hospitals have rules requiring central line delivery of 3% salt chloride due to this issue and the dearth of data surrounding these instances. For a study, researchers sought to determine the frequency of IRAE connected to peripheral sodium chloride injection at 3%.
Patients who received 3% sodium chloride with a peripheral venous catheter between May 2017 and August 2019 were included in the investigation. The total incidence of IRAE, which is determined by the documentation of infiltration or phlebitis, served as the analysis’s primary outcome. To find possible risk variables for the emergence of IRAE, such as age, infusion rate, infusion length, peripheral venous catheter site, and needle gauge, a multivariate logistic regression was conducted.
There were 422 patients and a total of 706 administrations. A verified occurrence was connected to 74 (10.5%) administrations. In the investigation, 48% of the occurrences were grade 1 in severity according to the Infusion Nurses’ scale for assessing infiltration or phlebitis. In the multivariable analysis, the length of the 3% sodium chloride infusion was observed to be related to an increased risk of an IRAE (OR per 1 h 1.02, 95% CI 1.01-1.02). The likelihood of an IRAE was not independently correlated with age, infusion rate, peripheral venous catheter placement, or needle gauge.
According to the findings, IRAE were more common and mostly moderate episodes without long-term tissue damage when 3% salt chloride was given over a longer period of time. Although more research was required to fully assess its safety, it may be fair to think about peripheral administration of 3% sodium chloride for a brief period in the acute care situation.
Reference: sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675722006957
