This report reflects results of the International, Prospective ALCL-Relapse Trial. A study was conducted to analyze the efficacy of a risk-stratified treatment of children with relapsed anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). Patients with a CD3-negative relapse within 1 year after initial diagnosis or prior exposure to vinblastine received autologous SCT after carmustine-etoposide-cytarabine-melphalan. Patients with a CD3-negative relapse before 1 year after initial diagnosis (low risk) received vinblastine monotherapy. The results showed that 105 evaluable patients with CNS-negative disease had a 5-year event-free survival (EFS) of 53% ± 5% and a 5-year overall survival (OS) of 78% ± 4%. Consolidated per protocol by autologous SCT, EFS and OS of 23 patients were 30% ± 10% and 78% ± 9%. And all 5 patients with intermediate risk receiving vinblastine monotherapy after the amendment experienced relapse again. As a conclusion it is evident that Allogeneic SCT offers a chance for cure in patients with high-risk ALCL relapse. Shorter time to relapse was the strongest predictor of subsequent relapse.
Reference link-https://ascopubs.org/doi/full/10.1200/JCO.20.00157
