TUESDAY, Feb. 11, 2025 (HealthDay News) — The 18-gene MyProstateScore 2.0 (MPS2) test using first-catch non-digital rectal examination (DRE) urine is highly sensitive for grade group (GG) ≥2 prostate cancer and can improve the proportion of biopsies avoided, according to a study published online Jan. 21 in The Journal of Urology.
Jeffrey J. Tosoian, M.D., M.P.H., from Vanderbilt University Medical Center in Nashville, Tennessee, and colleagues validated the MPS2 test using first-catch non-DRE urine. Participants provided first-catch urine before biopsy. The primary outcome was GG ≥2 cancer on biopsy. MPS2 values were calculated using three previously established MPS2 models: (1) a model using biomarkers alone; (2) a model using biomarkers and clinical data; and (3) a model using biomarkers, clinical data, and prostate volumes; MPS2 performance was compared to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial risk calculator (PCPTrc).
A total of 266 men, with median PSA 6.6 ng/mL, were included in the study; on biopsy, 103 (39 percent) had GG ≥2. The researchers found that the area under the curve for GG ≥2 cancer was 57, 62, 71, 74, and 77 percent for PSA, PCPTrc, and the three MPS2 models, respectively. Overall, 36 to 42 percent of unnecessary biopsies could be avoided with MPS2 testing compared with 13 percent using PCPTrc. MPS2 testing could have avoided 44 to 53 percent of repeat biopsies in patients with a prior negative biopsy compared with only 2.6 percent using PCPTrc.
“MPS2 seems to provide a convenient, versatile, and highly accurate testing option to inform the need for MRI [magnetic resonance imaging] or biopsy in patients with elevated PSA,” the authors write.
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